有效调控作物在不良环境下的生长:当受盐碱或水分胁迫时，细胞质中积累大量有机渗透调节剂如甜菜碱，促进细胞质与外环境维持平衡，避免细胞高浓度下盐碱离子对酶和代谢的毒害。在胁迫下植物体内甜菜碱的积累是一种有利于植物在胁迫下的生长。有效促进主根、须根的生成，提高作物对养份的吸收和转化。
防止高温、低温对作物的迫害：甜菜碱高浓度下对许多酶及其他生物大分子没有影响，甚至有保护作用。防止热伤害，提高酶热变性所需的温度;可以保护菠菜类囊体膜抵御冰冻胁迫;解除高浓度盐对酶活性的毒害;防止脱水诱导的蛋白质热动力紊乱;对有氧呼吸和能量代谢过程也有良好的保护作用。甜菜碱对PSH 外周多肤具有稳定作用。有效提高作物的抗病性和抗酸、抗盐、抗碱能力。
促进增糖和着色：有效促进叶绿素合成，合快合成苯氨酸、甘氨酸、聚谷氨酸、蛋氨酸的合成，有效促进阿拉伯糖的合成，增加干物质沉淀，提高花青苷的浓度，果实着色好、糖度高。
Effectively regulate the growth of crops in adverse environment: when subjected to saline-alkali or water stress, a large amount of organic osmotic regulators such as betaine are accumulated in the cytoplasm, to promote the balance between cytoplasm and external environment, and to avoid the toxicity of saline-alkali ions to enzymes and metabolism in high concentration of cells. The accumulation of betaine is beneficial to plant growth under stress.
Prevent the persecution of high temperature and low temperature to crops: high concentration of betaine has no effect on many enzymes and other biological macromolecules, and even has a protective effect. Prevent heat damage and increase the temperature needed for enzyme heat denaturation; It can protect thylakoid membrane of spinach from freezing stress. Remove the toxicity of high concentration salt to enzyme activity; Prevent protein thermodynamics interference induced by dehydration; It also has a good protective effect on aerobic respiration and energy metabolism. Betaine has a stabilizing effect on PSH peripheral skin.
